Bismillahir Rahmanir Raheem
Wa'alaykum 'Assalam wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuhu,All Praise be to Allah the Almighty, who is the Lord of the Worlds, and may Endless Blessings be showered upon His Most Beloved and Final Messenger of Islam, Hadrat Muhammad Mustafa (Salla Allahu ta'ala 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam) Jazak'Allah for your valued question. With regard to your question relating to interest, whether it can be given or taken, in a non-Islamic state, then the scholars ('ulama'), of the
Ahl as-Sunnah wal Jama'ah, have made it quite clear that this is permissable.
Let us see an example of this, in the exegisis (
tafsir), of Hadrat Mujaddid-e-A'zam Mawlana Shah Ahmad Rida Khan (
Rehmatullahi ’Alaih)'s Qur'an translation called
'Kanz-ul-Iman', known as
'Khaza'in-ul-Irfan' by Mawlana Sayyad Muhammad Na'im-ud-Din Muradabadi (
Rehmatullahi ’Alaih).
Under the Surah
ar-Rum, verse number one, he states:
'According to Imam Abu Hanifah (
Rehmatullahi ’Alaih) and Imam Muhammad (
Rehmatullahi ’Alaih), to accept interest from a '
harbi' (warlike) kuffar is permissable'. The Persians had already conquered the Romans at Syria, as the
Kuffar of Makkah got excited. However, Allah the Almighty revealed the verses:
'Alif lam mim, Ghulibat ir Rum,
Fi adnal ardi wa hum mim ba'di ghalabi him sayaghlibun'
(al Qur'an, Surah ar-Rum, 30:1,2,3)
Hadrat Sayyadina Abu Bakr Siddiq (
Radi Allahu ta'ala anhu) announced as this verse was revealed, that the Romans would soon conquer the Persians, as the Beloved Messenger of Allah (
Salla Allahu ta'ala 'alayhi wa Sallam), had foretold them of this,and told them not to get excited, as the Persians were fire worshippers, and benefitted them, whereas the Romans were of the
'Ahl-e-Kitab', and were somewhat beneficial for the Muslims.
After this announcement was made, Ubay Bin Khalaf placed a bet of a hundred camels, against Sayyadina Abu Bakar Siddiq (
Radi Allahu ta'ala anhu), as Sayyadina Abu Bakr Siddiq (
Radi Allahu ta'ala anhu) accepted the bet, and stated that 'if the Persians win the Romans, I shall give you one hundred camels, and if the Romans win the Persians, you shall give me a hundred camels.'
At this point, it is important to note that the regulation and rules in regard to gambling had not been revealed.On the day of
Hudaybiyyah, or
Badr, it had come to light that the Romans had conquered the Persians, after a period of seven years, as Sayyadina Abu Bakar Siddiq (
Radi Allahu ta'ala anhu) collected his one hundred camels, from the sons of Ubay, as Ubay had now died. The Beloved Messenger of Allah (
Salla Allahu ta'ala 'alayhi wa Sallam) ordered Sayyadina Abu Bakar Siddiq (
Radi Allahu ta'ala anhu), to give to charity (
sadqah), all the camels.
This event also proves the strenghth of Prophethood of the Most Beloved Messenger of Allah (
Salla Allahu ta'ala alayhi wa Sallam), and proves that the Qur'an al kareem is in fact the Book of Allah, the Almighty.
It is a coincidence, that you asked this question, as all three of your questions are now answered within it.a) That the money which is received as interest from a kaffir state, is halal.
b) Such money, can be used to donate
sadqah.
c) If
sadqah can be given with a particular kind of money, then it is also permissable to give
zakaah, with the same money.
For fuller illustration and details, there is a post in the 'Ask Imam Archives', under the heading
'loans and interest'. Please refer to this archive, as you will also find it beneficial.
The only type of money which we are not allowed in the form of interest, is that money, which is produced from an Islamic state, as it is stated in the Qur'an al kareem that :
'ahallallahul bay'a wa harramar riba'
'We have made business halal for you, and the interest is haram'.
also:
'The lives, wealth, and honour of one Muslim, is forbidden (haram) upon another'. (Bukhari).
This interest, is the interest of an Islamic state, as it is forbidden (
haram), to take interest/loans/mortgages, from an Islamic state. At this stage, the wealth of a person from an Islamic state/governor, is therefore forbidden (
haram), as it is stated in the above hadith, and above verse.
May Allah the Almighty give us all the tawfiq, of saying what is right from that which is wrong, and may he help us to act upon it accordingly. (Amin)Wallahu A'lamu BiththawaabM. Waseem Ashrafi
Related Question :
Loans and Interest